Texas Child Protection Law Bench Book

2023 version: As effective November 1, 2023

Permanency Hearing Before Final Order

Introduction

Permanency Hearings examine progress made by the parties since the last hearing and provide an opportunity to adjust the permanency or case plan.

Please see the Checklist Section for the Permanency Hearing

Before Final Order Checklist.

A. Permanency Hearing Before Final Order

1. Initial Permanency Hearing

The first Permanency Hearing must be held no later than the 180th day after the date the court renders a temporary order appointing DFPS as temporary managing conservator of a child and the court shall review the status of, and permanency plan for, the child to ensure that a final order consistent with that permanency plan is rendered before the date of dismissal of the suit under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.304(a).

2. Subsequent Permanency Hearing

A subsequent Permanency Hearing before entry of a final order shall be held not later than the 120th day after the date of the last Permanency Hearing in the suit. For good cause shown or on the court's own motion, the court may order more frequent hearings. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.305.

B. Hearing Notice is Mandatory

Notice of a hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263 shall be given to all persons entitled to notice of the hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(a). Notice of a hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263 must state that the individual receiving notice pursuant to Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(b) may, but is not required to, attend the hearing and may request to be heard at the hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(e). Courts must determine whether the child's caregiver is present at the hearing and allow the caregiver to testify if the caregiver wishes to provide information about the child. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(f).

The following persons are entitled to at least 10 days' notice and are entitled to present evidence and be heard at a hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263:

•   DFPS;

•   The foster parent, pre-adoptive parent, relative providing care, or the director or director's designee of the group home or general residential operation where the child resides;

•   Each parent of the child;

•   The managing conservator or guardian of the child;

•   An attorney ad litem appointed for the child, if the appointment was not dismissed in the final order;

•   A guardian ad litem appointed for the child, if the appointment was not dismissed in the final order;

•   A volunteer advocate appointed for the child, if the appointment was not dismissed in the final order;

•   The child if:

◦   the child is 10 years of age or older; or

◦   the court determines it is appropriate for the child to receive notice; and

•   Any other person or agency named by the court to have an interest. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(b).

Notice of a hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263 may be given:

•   As provided by Tex. R. Civ. P. 21a;

•   In a temporary order following a full Adversary Hearing;

•   In an order following a hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263;

•   In open court; or

•   In any manner that would provide actual notice to a person entitled to notice. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(c).

C. Permanency Plan for Child is Required

1. Permanency Plan

DFPS must prepare a permanency plan for each child in its care. DFPS must give a copy of the plan to each person entitled to notice pursuant to Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0021(b) not later than 10 days before the date of the first Permanency Hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.3025(a).

The permanency plan must contain information required by Tex. Fam. Code § 263.303 and DFPS shall modify the permanency plan as required by the circumstances and the needs of the child. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.3025(b) and (c).

2. Permanency Goals

The permanency plan must include concurrent permanency goals consisting of a primary goal and at least one alternative permanency goal. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.3025(d). Appropriate and legally recognized permanency goals include (in order of preference):

•   Reunification of the child with a parent or other individual from whom the child was removed;

•   Termination of parental rights and adoption of the child by a relative or other suitable individual;

•   Award of permanent managing conservatorship of the child to a relative or other suitable individual; or

•   Another planned, permanent living arrangement for the child (APPLA). Tex. Fam. Code § 263.3026(a).

D. Permanency Progress Report is Required; Contents

1. Filing the Permanency Progress Report

Not later than the 10th day before the date set for each Permanency Hearing Before a Final Order is rendered, DFPS shall file with the court a permanency progress report and provide a copy at least 10 days prior to the hearing, unless the court orders a different period for providing the report, to:

•   Each party;

•   The child's attorney ad litem;

•   The child's guardian ad litem; and

•   The child's volunteer advocate. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.303(a).

2. Contents of the Permanency Progress Report

The report must contain:

•   Information necessary for the court to conduct the Permanency Hearing and make its findings and determinations under Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306;

•   Information on significant events, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018; and

•   Any additional information DFPS determines is appropriate or that is requested by the court and relevant to the court's findings and determinations under Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.303(b).

3. Filing a Response

A parent whose parental rights are the subject of a suit affecting the parent-child relationship, the attorney for that parent, or the child's attorney ad litem or guardian ad litem may file a response to the DFPS report filed under Tex. Fam. Code § 263.303. A response to the report may be filed up to three days prior to hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.303(c).

E. Procedural and Due Process Issues

At each Permanency Hearing Before Final Order, the court shall:

•   Identify all persons or parties present at the hearing or those given notice but failing to appear. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(1).

•   Review the efforts of DFPS or other agency in:

◦   locating and requesting service of citation on all persons entitled to service of citation under Tex. Fam. Code § 102.009; and

◦   obtaining the assistance of a parent in providing information necessary to locate an absent parent, alleged father, or relative of the child. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(2).

•   Inform each parent not represented by an attorney of:

◦   the right to be represented by an attorney; and

◦   if a parent is indigent and appears in opposition to the suit, the right to a court-appointed attorney. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.0061.

F. Mandatory Actions, Findings, and Considerations

1. Place/Return Child

The court must make a finding as to whether DFPS is able to place the child with a relative or other designated caregiver and state the evidence that supports its finding either way. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002(b).

The court shall inquire from all parties whether the child has had the opportunity to provide information regarding potential caregivers and whether individuals identified by the child are listed on the proposed Child Placement Resources Form. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1).

If the child has been placed with a relative or designated caregiver, the court shall inform the individual serving as a placement for the child of the ability to become a licensed foster parent and apply for a Permanency Care Assistance program. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(c).

If the child is placed in an RTC or QRTP, whether continued placement in an RTC or QRTP is appropriate according to Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002 and Tex. Fam. Code § 263.00201 respectively. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1).

The court must return the child to the parent or parents unless the court finds with respect to each parent that there is a continuing danger to the health and safety of the child and returning home is contrary to the welfare of the child. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002(c). The court may order the child returned to the parent pursuant to a monitored return under Tex. Fam. Code § 263.403. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002(d).

The court must also determine whether to return the child to the child's parents if the child's parents are willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment and the return of the child is in the child's best interest. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(6).

Additionally, the court must estimate a likely date by which the child may be returned to and safely maintained in the child's home, placed for adoption, or placed in permanent managing conservatorship. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(7).

2. Review Extent of Parent's Compliance with Temporary Orders and the Service Plan

The court must review the extent of the parent's compliance with temporary orders and the service plan and the extent to which progress has been made toward alleviating or mitigating the causes necessitating the placement of the child in foster care. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(4).

3. Review Permanency Progress Report

The court must also review the permanency progress report to determine:

•   The safety and well-being of the child and whether the child's needs, including any medical or special needs, are being adequately addressed;

•   The continuing necessity and appropriateness of the placement of the child, including with respect to a child who has been placed outside of this state, whether the placement continues to be in the best interest of the child;

•   The appropriateness of the primary and alternative permanency goals for the child developed in accordance with department rule and whether DFPS has made reasonable efforts to finalize the permanency plan, including the concurrent permanency goals, in effect for the child;

•   Whether the child has been provided the opportunity, in a developmentally appropriate manner, to express the child's opinion on any medical care provided;

•   For a child receiving psychotropic medication, whether the child:

◦   has been provided appropriate non-pharmacological interventions, psychosocial therapies, or behavior strategies to meet the child's needs; or

◦   has been seen by the prescribing physician, physician assistant, or advanced practice nurse at least once every 90 days;

•   Whether an education decision-maker for the child has been identified, the child's education needs and goals have been identified and addressed, and whether there have been major changes in the child's school performance or there have been serious disciplinary events;

•   For a child 14 years of age or older, whether services that are needed to assist the child in transitioning from substitute care to independent living are available in the child's community; and

•   For a child whose permanency goal is APPLA:

◦   the desired permanency outcome for the child, by asking the child; and

◦   whether, as of the date of the hearing, another planning permanent living arrangement is the best permanency plan for the child and, if so, provide compelling reasons why it continues to not be in the best interest of the child to:

▪   return home;

▪   be placed for adoption;

▪   be placed with a legal guardian; or

▪   be placed with a fit and willing relative.

◦   whether DFPS has:

▪   conducted an independent living skills (ILS) assessment under Tex. Fam. Code §264.121(a-3);

▪   addressed the goals identified in the child's permanency plan, including the child's housing plan, and the results of the ILS assessment;

▪   provided a youth 16 years and older with the documents and information listed in Tex. Fam. Code §264.121(e); and

▪   provided a youth who is 18 years or has had the disabilities of minority removed, the documents and information listed in Tex. Fam. Code § 264.121(e-1).

•   If the child is placed in an RTC or QRTP, whether continued placement in an RTC or QRTP is appropriate according to Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002 and Tex. Fam. Code § 263.00201 respectively. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(5).

4. Inquire About Child and Family's Native American Heritage

The court shall ask all parties present whether the child or the child's family has a Native American heritage and identify any Native American tribe with which the child may be associated. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(3). For more information regarding requirements when a child has a Native American heritage, see the Bench Book chapter Indian Child Welfare Act.

5. Determine Date of Dismissal

Courts must announce in open court the dismissal date and the date of any upcoming hearings. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(8).

6. Set Final Hearing

The court shall set a final hearing on a date that allows the court to render a final order before the date for dismissal of the suit. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.304(b).

A party to the suit or an attorney ad litem for the child may seek a writ of mandamus to compel the court to comply with the duties imposed by this subsection. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.304(b).

G. Mandatory Child-Specific Considerations

1. Child's Attendance is Mandatory

The child must attend each permanency hearing, unless specifically excused by the court. If the child is four years of age or older and if the court determines it is in the best interest of the child, the court shall consult with the child in a developmentally appropriate manner regarding the child's permanency plan. Failure by the child to attend a hearing does not affect the validity of an order rendered at the hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.302.

2. Age-Appropriate Normalcy Activity

Tex. Fam. Code § 264.001 requires court consideration of age-appropriate normalcy activities, defined as an activity or experience:

•   That is generally accepted as suitable for a child's age or level of maturity or that is determined to be developmentally appropriate for a child based on the development of cognitive, emotional, physical, and behavioral capacities that are typical for the age or age group; and

•   In which a child who is not in the conservatorship of DFPS is generally allowed to participate, including extracurricular activities, cultural and enrichment activities, and employment opportunities. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.001(1).

In addition to the requirements of Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1), at each permanency hearing before a final order is rendered, the court shall review DFPS efforts to ensure that the child has regular, ongoing opportunities to engage in age-appropriate normalcy activities, including activities not listed in the child's service plan. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(c).

DFPS shall use its best efforts to normalize the lives of children in the managing conservatorship of DFPS by allowing substitute caregivers, without the prior approval of DFPS, to make decisions similar to those a parent would be entitled to make regarding a child's participation in age-appropriate normalcy activities. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.125(a).

In determining whether to allow a child in the managing conservatorship of DFPS to participate in an activity, a substitute caregiver must exercise the standard of care of a reasonable and prudent parent. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.125(b).

The standard of care of a reasonable and prudent parent means the standard of care that a parent of reasonable judgment, skill, and caution would exercise in addressing the health, safety, and welfare of a child while encouraging the emotional and developmental growth of the child, taking into consideration:

•   The overall health and safety of the child;

•   The child's age, maturity, and development level;

•   The best interest of the child based on the caregiver's knowledge of the child;

•   The appropriateness of a proposed activity and any potential risk factors;

•   The behavioral history of the child and the child's ability to safely participate in a proposed activity;

•   The importance of encouraging the child's social, emotional, and developmental growth; and

•   The importance of providing the child with the most family-like experience possible. Tex. Fam. Code §264.001(5).

A foster parent, other substitute caregiver, family relative or other designated caregiver, or licensed child placing agency (CPA) caring for a child in the managing conservatorship of DFPS is not liable for harm caused to the child resulting from the child's participation in an age-appropriate normalcy activity approved by the caregiver if, in approving the child's participation in the activity, the caregiver exercised the standard of care of a reasonable and prudent parent. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.114(c).

3. Placement Decisions

Tex. Fam. Code § 264.107 requires DFPS, when making placement decisions, to consult with the child's caseworker, attorney ad litem, and guardian ad litem and with any court-appointed volunteer advocate for the child, except when making an emergency placement that does not allow time for the required consultations. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.107(e). The guardian ad litem is entitled to be consulted and provide comments regarding the child's placement and must be granted access to a child in the child's placement. Tex. Fam. Code § 107.002(c)(7),(8).

4. Child Age 14 or Older

The court must ensure that if the child is 14 years or older, services are in place to assist the child in making the transition from substitute care to independent living if the services are available in the community. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(4)(G).

5. Texas Juvenile Justice Department (TJJD)

A child committed to the TJJD may attend a permanency hearing in person, by telephone, or by videoconference. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.302.

6. Summary of Medical Care

At each hearing under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 263, or more frequently if ordered by the court, the court shall review a summary of medical care provided to the foster child since the last hearing. The summary must include information regarding:

•   The nature of any emergency medical care provided to the child and the circumstances necessitating emergency medical care, including any injury or acute illness suffered by the child;

•   All medical and mental health treatment that the child is receiving and the child's progress with the treatment;

•   Any medication prescribed for the child, the condition, diagnosis, and symptoms for which the medication was prescribed, and the child's progress with the medication;

•   For a child receiving psychotropic medication:

◦   any psychosocial therapies, behavior strategies, or other non-pharmacological interventions that have been provided to the child; and

◦   the dates since the previous hearing of any office visits the child had with the prescribing physician, physician assistant, or advanced practice nurse as required by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.011;

•   The degree to which the child or foster care provider has complied or failed to comply with any plan of medical treatment for the child;

•   Any adverse reaction to or side effects of any medical treatment provided to the child;

•   Any specific medical condition of the child that has been diagnosed or for which tests are being conducted to make a diagnosis;

•   Any activity that the child should avoid or should engage in that might affect the effectiveness of the treatment, including physical activities, other medications, and diet; and

•   Other information required by DFPS rule or by the court. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.007(a).

7. Permanency Plan for a Child Age 16 or Older

The following guidelines should be considered by the court when determining whether to adopt the permanency plan submitted by DFPS for a child who is 16 and older:

•   The permanency plan submitted to the court includes the services planned for the child to make the transition from foster care to independent living; and

•   This transition is in the best interest of the child. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.307(c).

For more information, see the Bench Book chapter Best Interest.

H. Review of Placement of a Child in a Qualified Residential Treatment Program

As long as a child remains in a QRTP, DFPS must provide the court with information at the Status Hearing and at each Permanency Hearing demonstrating that:

•   The ongoing assessment of the child's strengths and needs shows the needs of the child cannot be met through placement in a foster home;

•   Placement in a QRTP provides the most effective and appropriate level of care for the child in the least restrictive environment, and;

•   The placement is consistent with the short-term and long-term goals for the child specified in the permanency plan.

DFPS must provide information documenting the specific treatment or service needs that will be met for the child in the placement, the length of time the child is expected to need the treatment or services, and the efforts made by DFPS to prepare the child to be placed in a home, with a foster home, relative, legal guardian, or adoptive parent. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.00201(d).

The review of a child's placement in a QRTP may be conducted through a remote proceeding. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.00201(f).

I. Review of Placement of a Child in a Residential Treatment Center

Based on the court's determination under Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002, the court must review at the permanency hearing whether continued placement is appropriate. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.306(a-1)(5)(J). The court must determine whether:

•   The child's needs can be met through placement in a family-like setting;

•   The RTC can provide the most effective and appropriate level of care for the child;

•   If the RTC is the least restrictive setting consistent with the child's best interest and individual needs; and

•   If the RTC is consistent with the short-term and long-term goals for the child, as specified by the child's permanency plan. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002(e).

When making the determination, the court may consider: any medical, psychological, or psychiatric assessments; the child's current treatment plan and progress being made; any significant medical, legal, or behavioral incidents involving the child; the reasons for the child's discharge from current or former placement; the programs available at the RTC; the RTC's discharge plan; whether there are other programs that more effectively meet the child's needs; and other relevant information. Tex. Fam. Code § 263.002(f).

J. Medical Consent

1. Medical Care and Treatment

Except in an emergency, medical care may not be provided to a child in foster care, unless the person authorized by court order consents to the medical care. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(a).

2. Medical Consenter

The court may designate DFPS as the medical consenter, but DFPS must within 5 business days file with the court and each party the name of an individual who will exercise the duty and responsibility of providing informed consent on behalf of DFPS. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(b)(2) and (c).

A person may not be authorized to consent to medical care provided to a foster child unless the person has completed a DFPS-approved training program related to informed consent and the provision of all areas of medical care as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.001. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h).

Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h) addresses required medical consenter training as follows:

•   The training required by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h) must include training related to informed consent for the administration of psychotropic medication and the appropriate use of psychosocial therapies, behavior strategies, and other non-pharmacological interventions that should be considered before or concurrently with the administration of psychotropic medications. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h-1).

•   Each person required to complete a training program under Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h) must acknowledge in writing that the person:

◦   has received the training described by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h-1);

◦   understands the principles of informed consent for the administration of psychotropic medication; and

◦   understands that non-pharmacological interventions should be considered and discussed with the prescribing physician, physician assistant, or advanced practice nurse before consent to the use of a psychotropic medication. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(h-2).

DFPS may consent to health care services ordered or prescribed by a health care provider authorized to order or prescribe health care services regardless of whether services are provided under the medical assistance program under Tex. Hum. Res. Code Chapter 32, if DFPS otherwise has the authority under Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004 to consent to health care services. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.004(k).

3. Consent by Child 16 Years of Age

A child who is at least 16 years of age may consent to the provision of medical care if the court determines that the child has the capacity to consent to medical care. Tex. Fam. Code § 266.010(a).

An attorney ad litem appointed for a child in a proceeding under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 262 or Chapter 263 shall, for a child at least 16 years of age, advise the child of the child's right to consent to the child's own medical care under Tex. Fam. Code § 266.010. Tex. Fam. Code § 107.003(b)(3).

K. Children Who are Missing or Victims of Sex Trafficking

If a child in DFPS managing conservatorship is missing from the child's substitute care provider, including a child who is abducted or is a runaway, DFPS shall notify the following persons that the child is missing:

•   The appropriate law enforcement agencies;

•   The court with jurisdiction over the department's managing conservatorship of the child;

•   The child's attorney ad litem;

•   The child's guardian ad litem; and

•   The child's parent unless the parent:

◦   cannot be located or contacted;

◦   has had the parent's parental rights terminated; or

◦   has executed an affidavit of relinquishment of parental rights. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(a).

DFPS must provide the notice required by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(a) not later than 24 hours after the time DFPS learns that the child is missing or as soon as possible if a person entitled to notice under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(a) cannot be notified within 24 hours. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(b).

If a child has been reported as a missing child under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(a), DFPS must notify the persons described by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(a) when the child returns to the child's substitute care provider not later than 24 hours after the time the department learns that the child has returned or as soon as possible if a person entitled to notice cannot be notified within 24 hours. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(c).

DFPS must make continuing efforts to determine the location of a missing child until the child returns to substitute care, including:

•   Contacting the appropriate law enforcement agencies, the child's relatives, the child's former caregivers; and any state or local social service agency that may be providing services to the child on a monthly basis; and

•   Conducting a supervisory-level review of the case on a quarterly basis if the child is 15 years of age or younger to determine whether sufficient efforts have been made to locate the child and whether other action is needed. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(d).

DFPS must document in the missing child's case record:

•   The actions taken by the department to determine the location of the child; and persuade the child to return to substitute care;

•   Any discussion during, and determination resulting from, the supervisory-level review under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(d)(2);

•   Any discussion with law enforcement officials following the return of the child regarding the child's absence; and

•   Any discussion with the child described by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(f). Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(e).

After a missing child returns to the child's substitute care provider, DFPS must interview the child to determine the reasons why the child was missing, where the child stayed during the time the child was missing, and whether, while missing, the child was a victim of conduct that constitutes an offense under Tex. Penal Code § 20A.02(a)(7). DFPS must report to an appropriate law enforcement agency any disclosure made by a child that indicates that the child was the victim of a crime during the time the child was missing. DFPS shall make a report not later than 24 hours after the time the disclosure is made. DFPS is not required to interview a missing child if, at the time the child returns, DFPS knows that the child was abducted and another agency is investigating the abduction. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123(f).

For more information, see the Bench Book chapter Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children.

L. Notice of Significant Events

The notice sections of Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018 are in addition to other notice requirements provided by law, including Tex. Fam. Code § 264.107(g), which deals with placement of children, and Tex. Fam. Code § 264.123, governing the reporting duties of DFPS when a child in custody becomes missing. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(b).

DFPS must provide notice under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018 in a manner that would provide actual notice to a person entitled to the notice, including the use of electronic notice whenever possible. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(c).

Not later than 24 hours after an event described by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(d), DFPS shall make a reasonable effort to notify a parent of a child in the managing conservatorship of the DFPS of:

•   A significant change in medical condition of the child, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(a)(4);

•   The enrollment or participation of the child in a drug research program under Tex. Fam. Code § 266.0041; and

•   An initial prescription of a psychotropic medication, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.001. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(d).

Not later than 48 hours before DFPS changes the residential child-care facility of a child in the managing conservatorship of DFPS, DFPS shall provide notice of the change to:

•   The child's parent;

•   An attorney ad litem appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107;

•   A guardian ad litem appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107;

•   A volunteer advocate appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107; and

•   The licensed administrator of the child-placing agency responsible for placing the child or the licensed administrator's designee. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(e).

As soon as possible but not later than the 10th day after the date DFPS becomes aware of a significant event, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(a)(5), affecting a child in the conservatorship of DFPS, DFPS shall provide notice of the significant event to:

•   The child's parent;

•   An attorney ad litem appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107;

•   A guardian ad litem appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107;

•   A volunteer advocate appointed for the child under Tex. Fam. Code Chapter 107;

•   The licensed administrator of the child-placing agency responsible for placing the child or the licensed administrator's designee;

•   A foster parent, prospective adoptive parent, relative of the child providing care to the child, or director of the group home or general residential operation where the child is residing; and

•   Any other person determined by the court to have an interest in the child's welfare. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(f).

A significant event means:

•   A placement change, including failure by DFPS to locate an appropriate placement for at least one night;

•   A significant change in medical condition, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(a)(4);

•   An initial prescription of a psychotropic medication or a change in dosage of a psychotropic medication, as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 266.001;

•   A major change in school performance or a serious disciplinary event at school;

•   Placement of a child in a QRTP program as that term is defined by 42 U.S.C. § 672(k)(4) or RTC as defined by Tex. Fam. Code § 263.001 or placement conferences to determine the appropriateness of a QRTP or RTC placement; or

•   Any event determined to be significant under DFPS rule. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(a)(5).

For purposes of Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(f), if a hearing for the child is conducted during the 10-day notice period described by Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(f), DFPS shall provide notice of the significant event at the hearing. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(g).

DFPS is not required to provide notice under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018 to a parent of a child in the managing conservatorship of DFPS if:

•   DFPS cannot locate the parent;

•   A court has restricted the parent's access to the information;

•   The child is in the permanent managing conservatorship of DFPS and the parent has not participated in the child's case for at least six months despite DFPS efforts to involve the parent;

•   The parent's rights have been terminated; or

•   DFPS has documented in the child's case file that it is not in the best interest of the child to involve the parent in case planning. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(h).

A person entitled to notice from DFPS under Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018 shall provide current contact information. Tex. Fam. Code § 264.018(j).